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Scene I

Elsinore. A platform before the Castle

Enter Francisco and Barnardo, two sentinels

Barnardo

Who's there?

Francisco

Nay, answer me. Stand and unfold yourself.

Barnardo

Long live the King!

Francisco

Barnardo?

Barnardo

He.

Francisco

You come most carefully upon your hour.

Barnardo

'Tis now struck twelve. Get thee to bed, Francisco.

Francisco

For this relief much thanks. 'Tis bitter cold,

And I am sick at heart.

Barnardo

Have you had quiet guard?

Francisco

Not a mouse stirring.

Barnardo

Well, good night.

If you do meet Horatio and Marcellus,

The rivals of my watch, bid them make haste.

[Enter Horatio and Marcellus]

Francisco

I think I hear them. Stand, ho! Who is there?

Horatio

Friends to this ground.

Marcellus

And liegemen to the Dane.

Francisco

Give you good night.

Marcellus

O, farewell, honest soldier, who hath reliev'd you?

Francisco

Barnardo has my place. Give you good-night.

[Exit]

Marcellus

Holla, Barnardo!

Barnardo

Say, what, is Horatio there?

Horatio

A piece of him.

Barnardo

Welcome, Horatio. Welcome, good Marcellus.

Marcellus

What, has this thing appear'd again tonight?

Barnardo

I have seen nothing.

Marcellus

Horatio says 'tis but our fantasy,

And will not let belief take hold of him

Touching this dreaded sight, twice seen of us.

Therefore I have entreated him along

With us to watch the minutes of this night,

That if again this apparition come

He may approve our eyes and speak to it.

Horatio

Tush, tush, 'twill not appear.

Barnardo

Sit down awhile,

And let us once again assail your ears,

That are so fortified against our story,

What we two nights have seen.

Horatio

Well, sit we down,

And let us hear Barnardo speak of this.

Barnardo

Last night of all,

When yond same star that's westward from

                         the pole,

Had made his course t'illume that part of heaven

Where now it burns, Marcellus and myself,

The bell then beating one —

Marcellus

Peace, break thee off. Look where it comes again.

[Enter Ghost]

Barnardo

In the same figure, like the King that's dead.

Marcellus

Thou art a scholar; speak to it, Horatio.

Barnardo

Looks it not like the King? Mark it, Horatio.

Horatio

Most like. It harrows me with fear and wonder.

Barnardo

It would be spoke to.

Marcellus

Question it, Horatio.

Horatio

What art thou that usurp'st this time of night,

Together with that fair and warlike form

In which the majesty of buried Denmark

Did sometimes march? By heaven I charge

                         thee speak.

Marcellus

It is offended.

Barnardo

See, it stalks away.

Horatio

Stay! speak, speak! I charge thee speak!

[Exit Ghost]

Marcellus

'Tis gone, and will not answer.

Barnardo

How now, Horatio! You tremble and look pale.

Is not this something more than fantasy?

What think you on't?

Horatio

Before my God, I might not this believe

Without the sensible and true avouch

Of mine own eyes.

Marcellus

Is it not like the King?

Horatio

As thou art to thyself:

Such was the very armour he had on

When he th'ambitious Norway combated;

So frown'd he once, when in an angry parle

He smote the sledded Polacks on the ice.

'Tis strange.

Marcellus

Thus twice before, and jump at this dead hour,

With martial stalk hath he gone by our watch.

Horatio

In what particular thought to work I know not;

But in the gross and scope of my opinion,

This bodes some strange eruption to our state.

Marcellus

Good now, sit down, and tell me, he that knows,

Why this same strict and most observant watch

So nightly toils the subject of the land,

And why such daily cast of brazen cannon

And foreign mart for implements of war;

Why such impress of shipwrights,

                         whose sore task

Does not divide the Sunday from the week.

What might be toward, that this sweaty haste

Doth make the night joint-labourer with the day:

Who is't that can inform me?

Horatio

That can I;

At least, the whisper goes so. Our last King,

Whose i even but now appear'd to us,

Was, as you know, by Fortinbras of Norway,

Thereto prick'd on by a most emulate pride,

Dar'd to the combat; in which our valiant Hamlet,

For so this side of our known world esteem'd him,

Did slay this Fortinbras; who by a seal'd compact,

Well ratified by law and heraldry,

Did forfeit, with his life, all those his lands

Which he stood seiz'd of, to the conqueror;

Against the which, a moiety competent

Was gaged by our King; which had return'd

To the inheritance of Fortinbras,

Had he been vanquisher; as by the same cov'nant

And carriage of the article design'd,

His fell to Hamlet. Now, sir, young Fortinbras,

Of unimproved mettle, hot and full,

Hath in the skirts of Norway, here and there,

Shark'd up a list of lawless resolutes,

For food and diet, to some enterprise

That hath a stomach in't; which is no other,

As it doth well appear unto our state,

But to recover of us by strong hand

And terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands

So by his father lost. And this, I take it,

Is the main motive of our preparations,

The source of this our watch, and the chief head

Of this post-haste and rummage in the land.

Barnardo

I think it be no other but e'en so:

Well may it sort that this portentous figure

Comes armed through our watch so like the

                         King

That was and is the question of these wars.

Horatio

A mote it is to trouble the mind's eye.

In the most high and palmy state of Rome,

A little ere the mightiest Julius fell,

The graves stood tenantless and the sheeted dead

Did squeak and gibber in the Roman streets;

As stars with trains of fire and dews of blood,

Disasters in the sun; and the moist star,

Upon whose influence Neptune's empire stands,

Was sick almost to doomsday with eclipse.

And even the like precurse of fierce events,

As harbingers preceding still the fates

And prologue to the omen coming on,

Have heaven and earth together demonstrated

Unto our climatures and countrymen.

[Re-enter Ghost]

But, soft, behold! Lo, where it comes again!

I'll cross it, though it blast me. Stay, illusion!

If thou hast any sound, or use of voice,

Speak to me.

If there be any good thing to be done,

That may to thee do ease, and grace to me,

Speak to me.

If thou art privy to thy country's fate,

Which, happily, foreknowing may avoid,

O speak!

Or if thou hast uphoarded in thy life

Extorted treasure in the womb of earth,

For which, they say, you spirits oft walk in death,

Speak of it. Stay, and speak!

[The cock crows]

Stop it, Marcellus!

Marcellus

Shall I strike at it with my partisan?

Horatio

Do, if it will not stand.

Barnardo

'Tis here!

Horatio

'Tis here!

[Exit Ghost]

Marcellus

'Tis gone!

We do it wrong, being so majestical,

To offer it the show of violence,

For it is as the air, invulnerable,

And our vain blows malicious mockery.

Barnardo

It was about to speak, when the cock crew.

Horatio

And then it started, like a guilty thing

Upon a fearful summons. I have heard

The cock, that is the trumpet to the morn,

Doth with his lofty and shrill-sounding throat

Awake the god of day; and at his warning,

Whether in sea or fire, in earth or air,

Th'extravagant and erring spirit hies

To his confine. And of the truth herein

This present object made probation.

Marcellus

It faded on the crowing of the cock.

Some say that ever 'gainst that season comes

Wherein our Saviour's birth is celebrated,

The bird of dawning singeth all night long;

And then, they say, no spirit dare stir abroad,

The nights are wholesome, then no planets strike,

No fairy takes, nor witch hath power to charm;

So hallow'd and so gracious is the time.

Horatio

So have I heard, and do in part believe it.

But look, the morn in russet mantle clad,

Walks o'er the dew of yon high eastward hill.

Break we our watch up, and by my advice,

Let us impart what we have seen tonight

Unto young Hamlet; for upon my life,

This spirit, dumb to us, will speak to him.

Do you consent we shall acquaint him with it,

As needful in our loves, fitting our duty?

Marcellus

Let's do't, I pray, and I this morning know

Where we shall find him most conveniently.

[Exeunt]

Scene II

Elsinore. A room of state in the Castle

Enter Claudius King of Denmark, Gertrude the Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, Voltemand, Cornelius, Lords and Attendant

King

Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother's death

The memory be green, and that it us befitted

To bear our hearts in grief, and our whole

                         kingdom

To be contracted in one brow of woe;

Yet so far hath discretion fought with nature

That we with wisest sorrow think on him,

Together with remembrance of ourselves.

Therefore our sometime sister, now our queen,

Th'imperial jointress to this warlike state,

Have we, as 'twere with a defeated joy,

With one auspicious and one dropping eye,

With mirth in funeral, and with dirge in

                         marriage,

In equal scale weighing delight and dole,

Taken to wife; nor have we herein barr'd

Your better wisdoms, which have freely gone

With this affair along. For all, our thanks.

Now follows, that you know young Fortinbras,

Holding a weak supposal of our worth,

Or thinking by our late dear brother's death

Our state to be disjoint and out of frame,

Colleagued with this dream of his advantage,

He hath not fail'd to pester us with message,

Importing the surrender of those lands

Lost by his father, with all bonds of law,

To our most valiant brother. So much for him.

Now for ourself and for this time of meeting:

Thus much the business is: we have here writ

To Norway, uncle of young Fortinbras,

Who, impotent and bed-rid, scarcely hears

Of this his nephew's purpose, to suppress

His further gait herein; in that the levies,

The lists, and full proportions are all made

Out of his subject: and we here dispatch

You, good Cornelius, and you, Voltemand,

For bearers of this greeting to old Norway,

Giving to you no further personal power

To business with the King, more than the scope

Of these dilated articles allow.

Farewell; and let your haste commend your

                         duty.

Cornelius and Voltemand

In that, and all things, will we show our duty.

King

We doubt it nothing: heartily farewell.

[Exeunt Voltemand and Cornelius]

And now, Laertes, what's the news with you?

You told us of some suit. What is't, Laertes?

You cannot speak of reason to the Dane,

And lose your voice. What wouldst thou beg,

                         Laertes,

That shall not be my offer, not thy asking?

The head is not more native to the heart,

The hand more instrumental to the mouth,

Than is the throne of Denmark to thy father.

What wouldst thou have, Laertes?

Laertes

Dread my lord,

Your leave and favour to return to France,

From whence though willingly I came to Denmark

To show my duty in your coronation;

Yet now I must confess, that duty done,

My thoughts and wishes bend again toward France,

And bow them to your gracious leave and pardon.

King

Have you your father's leave? What says Polonius?

Polonius

He hath, my lord, wrung from me my slow leave

By laboursome petition; and at last

Upon his will I seal'd my hard consent.

I do beseech you give him leave to go.

King

Take thy fair hour, Laertes; time be thine,

And thy best graces spend it at thy will!

But now, my cousin Hamlet, and my son —

Hamlet

[Aside]

A little more than kin, and less than kind.

King

How is it that the clouds still hang on you?

Hamlet

Not so, my lord, I am too much i' the sun.

Queen

Good Hamlet, cast thy nighted colour off,

And let thine eye look like a friend on Denmark.

Do not for ever with thy vailed lids

Seek for thy noble father in the dust.

Thou know'st 'tis common, all that lives must die,

Passing through nature to eternity.

Hamlet

Ay, madam, it is common.

Queen

If it be,

Why seems it so particular with thee?

Hamlet

Seems, madam! Nay, it is; I know not seems.

'Tis not alone my inky cloak, good mother,

Nor customary suits of solemn black,

Nor windy suspiration of forc'd breath,

No, nor the fruitful river in the eye,

Nor the dejected haviour of the visage,

Together with all forms, moods, shows of grief,

That can denote me truly. These indeed seem,

For they are actions that a man might play;

But I have that within which passeth show;

These but the trappings and the suits of woe.

King

'Tis sweet and commendable in your nature,

                         Hamlet,

To give these mourning duties to your father;

But you must know, your father lost a father,

That father lost, lost his, and the survivor bound

In filial obligation, for some term

To do obsequious sorrow. But to persevere

In obstinate condolement is a course

Of impious stubbornness. 'Tis unmanly grief,

It shows a will most incorrect to heaven,

A heart unfortified, a mind impatient,

An understanding simple and unschool'd;

For what we know must be, and is as common

As any the most vulgar thing to sense,

Why should we in our peevish opposition

Take it to heart? Fie, 'tis a fault to heaven,

A fault against the dead, a fault to nature,

To reason most absurd, whose common theme

Is death of fathers, and who still hath cried,

From the first corse till he that died today,

'This must be so.' We pray you throw to earth

This unprevailing woe, and think of us

As of a father; for let the world take note

You are the most immediate to our throne,

And with no less nobility of love

Than that which dearest father bears his son

Do I impart toward you. For your intent

In going back to school in Wittenberg,

It is most retrograde to our desire:

And we beseech you bend you to remain

Here in the cheer and comfort of our eye,

Our chiefest courtier, cousin, and our son.

Queen

Let not thy mother lose her prayers, Hamlet

I pray thee stay with us; go not to Wittenberg.

Hamlet

I shall in all my best obey you, madam.

King

Why, 'tis a loving and a fair reply.

Be as ourself in Denmark. Madam, come;

This gentle and unforc'd accord of Hamlet

Sits smiling to my heart; in grace whereof,

No jocund health that Denmark drinks today

But the great cannon to the clouds shall tell,

And the King's rouse the heaven shall

                         bruit again,

Re-speaking earthly thunder. Come away.

[Exeunt all but Hamlet]

Hamlet

O that this too too solid flesh would melt,

Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew!

Or that the Everlasting had not fix'd

His canon 'gainst self-slaughter. O God! O God!

How weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable

Seem to me all the uses of this world!

Fie on't! Oh fie! 'tis an unweeded garden

That grows to seed; things rank and gross

                         in nature

Possess it merely. That it should come to this!

But two months dead-nay, not so much,

                         not two:

So excellent a king; that was to this

Hyperion to a satyr; so loving to my mother,

That he might not beteem the winds of heaven

Visit her face too roughly. Heaven and earth!

Must I remember? Why, she would hang on him

As if increase of appetite had grown

By what it fed on; and yet, within a month —

Let me not think on't-Frailty, thy name

                         is woman!

A little month, or ere those shoes were old

With which she followed my poor father's body

Like Niobe, all tears.-Why she, even she —

O God! A beast that wants discourse of reason

Would have mourn'd longer, – married

                         with mine uncle,

My father's brother; but no more like my father

Than I to Hercules. Within a month,

Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears

Had left the flushing in her galled eyes,

She married. O most wicked speed, to post

With such dexterity to incestuous sheets!

It is not, nor it cannot come to good.

But break, my heart, for I must hold my tongue.

[Enter Horatio, Marcellus and Barnardo]

Horatio

Hail to your lordship!

Hamlet

I am glad to see you well:

Horatio, or I do forget myself.

Horatio

The same, my lord,

And your poor servant ever.

Hamlet

Sir, my good friend;

I'll change that name with you:

And what make you from Wittenberg, Horatio?

                         Marcellus?

Marcellus

My good lord.

Hamlet

I am very glad to see you.-Good even, sir. —

But what, in faith, make you from Wittenberg?

Horatio

A truant disposition, good my lord.

Hamlet

I would not hear your enemy say so;

Nor shall you do my ear that violence,

To make it truster of your own report

Against yourself. I know you are no truant.

But what is your affair in Elsinore?

We'll teach you to drink deep ere you depart.

Horatio

My lord, I came to see your father's funeral.

Hamlet

I prithee do not mock me, fellow-student.

I think it was to see my mother's wedding.

Horatio

Indeed, my lord, it follow'd hard upon.

Hamlet

Thrift, thrift, Horatio! The funeral bak'd meats

Did coldly furnish forth the marriage tables.

Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven

Or ever I had seen that day, Horatio

My father, – methinks I see my father.

Horatio

Where, my lord?

Hamlet

In my mind's eye, Horatio.

Horatio

I saw him once; he was a goodly king.

Hamlet

He was a man, take him for all in all,

I shall not look upon his like again.

Horatio

My lord, I think I saw him yesternight.

Hamlet

Saw? Who?

Horatio

My lord, the King your father.

Hamlet

The King my father!

Horatio

Season your admiration for a while

With an attent ear, till I may deliver

Upon the witness of these gentlemen

This marvel to you.

Hamlet

For God's love let me hear.

Horatio

Two nights together had these gentlemen,

Marcellus and Barnardo, on their watch

In the dead waste and middle of the night,

Been thus encounter'd. A figure like your father,

Armed at point exactly, cap-à-pie,

Appears before them, and with solemn march

Goes slow and stately by them: thrice he walk'd

By their oppress'd and fear-surprised eyes,

Within his truncheon's length; whilst they, distill'd

Almost to jelly with the act of fear,

Stand dumb, and speak not to him. This to me

In dreadful secrecy impart they did,

And I with them the third night kept the watch,

Where, as they had deliver'd, both in time,

Form of the thing, each word made true and good,

The apparition comes. I knew your father;

These hands are not more like.

Hamlet

But where was this?

Marcellus

My lord, upon the platform where we watch.

Hamlet

Did you not speak to it?

Horatio

My lord, I did;

But answer made it none: yet once methought

It lifted up it head, and did address

Itself to motion, like as it would speak.

But even then the morning cock crew loud,

And at the sound it shrunk in haste away,

And vanish'd from our sight.

Hamlet

'Tis very strange.

Horatio

As I do live, my honour'd lord, 'tis true;

And we did think it writ down in our duty

To let you know of it.

Hamlet

Indeed, indeed, sirs, but this troubles me.

Hold you the watch tonight?

Marcellus and Barnardo

We do, my lord.

Hamlet

Arm'd, say you?

Both

Arm'd, my lord.

Hamlet

From top to toe?

Both

My lord, from head to foot.

Hamlet

Then saw you not his face?

Horatio

O yes, my lord, he wore his beaver up.

Hamlet

What, look'd he frowningly?

Horatio

A countenance more in sorrow than in anger.

Hamlet

Pale, or red?

Horatio

Nay, very pale.

Hamlet

And fix'd his eyes upon you?

Horatio

Most constantly.

Hamlet

I would I had been there.

Horatio

It would have much amaz'd you.

Hamlet

Very like, very like. Stay'd it long?

Horatio

While one with moderate haste might tell

                         a hundred.

Marcellus and Barnardo

Longer, longer.

Horatio

Not when I saw't.

Hamlet

His beard was grizzled, no?

Horatio

It was, as I have seen it in his life,

A sable silver'd.

Hamlet

I will watch tonight;

Perchance 'twill walk again.

Horatio

I warrant you it will.

Hamlet

If it assume my noble father's person,

I'll speak to it, though hell itself should gape

And bid me hold my peace. I pray you all,

If you have hitherto conceal'd this sight,

Let it be tenable in your silence still;

And whatsoever else shall hap tonight,

Give it an understanding, but no tongue.

I will requite your loves. So, fare ye well.

Upon the platform 'twixt eleven and twelve,

I'll visit you.

All

Our duty to your honour.

Hamlet

Your loves, as mine to you: farewell.

[Exeunt Horatio, Marcellus and Barnardo]

My father's spirit in arms! All is not well;

I doubt some foul play: would the night

     were come!

Till then sit still, my soul: foul deeds will rise,

Though all the earth o'erwhelm them, to men's

     eyes.

[Exit]

Scene III

A room in Polonius's house

Enter Laertes and Ophelia

Laertes

My necessaries are embark'd. Farewell.

And, sister, as the winds give benefit

And convoy is assistant, do not sleep,

But let me hear from you.

Ophelia

Do you doubt that?

Laertes

For Hamlet, and the trifling of his favour,

Hold it a fashion and a toy in blood;

A violet in the youth of primy nature,

Forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting;

The perfume and suppliance of a minute;

No more.

Ophelia

No more but so?

Laertes

Think it no more.

For nature crescent does not grow alone

In thews and bulk; but as this temple waxes,

The inward service of the mind and soul

Grows wide withal. Perhaps he loves you now,

And now no soil nor cautel doth besmirch

The virtue of his will; but you must fear,

His greatness weigh'd, his will is not his own;

For he himself is subject to his birth:

He may not, as unvalu'd persons do,

Carve for himself; for on his choice depends

The sanctity and health of this whole state;

And therefore must his choice be circumscrib'd

Unto the voice and yielding of that body

Whereof he is the head. Then if he says

                         he loves you,

It fits your wisdom so far to believe it

As he in his particular act and place

May give his saying deed; which is no further

Than the main voice of Denmark goes withal.

Then weigh what loss your honour may sustain

If with too credent ear you list his songs,

Or lose your heart, or your chaste treasure open

To his unmaster'd importunity.

Fear it, Ophelia, fear it, my dear sister;

And keep you in the rear of your affection,

Out of the shot and danger of desire.

The chariest maid is prodigal enough

If she unmask her beauty to the moon.

Virtue itself 'scapes not calumnious strokes:

The canker galls the infants of the spring

Too oft before their buttons be disclos'd,

And in the morn and liquid dew of youth

Contagious blastments are most imminent.

Be wary then, best safety lies in fear.

Youth to itself rebels, though none else near.

Ophelia

I shall th'effect of this good lesson keep

As watchman to my heart. But good my brother,

Do not as some ungracious pastors do,

Show me the steep and thorny way to heaven;

Whilst like a puff'd and reckless libertine

Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads,

And recks not his own rede.

Laertes

O, fear me not.

I stay too long. But here my father comes.

[Enter Polonius]

A double blessing is a double grace;

Occasion smiles upon a second leave.

Polonius

Yet here, Laertes? Aboard, aboard, for shame.

The wind sits in the shoulder of your sail,

And you are stay'd for. There, my blessing with you.

[Laying his hand on Laertes's head]

And these few precepts in thy memory

Look thou character. Give thy thoughts

                         no tongue,

Nor any unproportion'd thought his act.

Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar.

Those friends thou hast, and their adoption tried,

Grapple them unto thy soul with hoops of steel;

But do not dull thy palm with entertainment

Of each new-hatch'd, unfledg'd comrade. Beware

Of entrance to a quarrel; but being in,

Bear't that th'opposed may beware of thee.

Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice:

Take each man's censure, but reserve

                         thy judgement.

Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy,

But not express'd in fancy; rich, not gaudy:

For the apparel oft proclaims the man;

And they in France of the best rank and station

Are of a most select and generous chief in that.

Neither a borrower nor a lender be:

For loan oft loses both itself and friend;

And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.

This above all: to thine own self be true;

And it must follow, as the night the day,

Thou canst not then be false to any man.

Farewell: my blessing season this in thee.

Laertes

Most humbly do I take my leave, my lord.

Polonius

The time invites you; go, your servants tend.

Laertes

Farewell, Ophelia, and remember well

What I have said to you.

Ophelia

'Tis in my memory lock'd,

And you yourself shall keep the key of it.

Laertes

Farewell.

[Exit]

Polonius

What is't, Ophelia, he hath said to you?

Ophelia

So please you, something touching

                         the Lord Hamlet.

Polonius

Marry, well bethought:

'Tis told me he hath very oft of late

Given private time to you; and you yourself

Have of your audience been most free

                         and bounteous.

If it be so, – as so 'tis put on me,

And that in way of caution, – I must tell you

You do not understand yourself so clearly

As it behoves my daughter and your honour.

What is between you? Give me up the truth.

Ophelia

He hath, my lord, of late made many tenders

Of his affection to me.

Polonius

Affection! Pooh! You speak like a green girl,

Unsifted in such perilous circumstance.

Do you believe his tenders, as you call them?

Ophelia

I do not know, my lord, what I should think.

Polonius

Marry, I'll teach you; think yourself a baby;

That you have ta'en these tenders for true pay,

Which are not sterling. Tender yourself more

                         dearly;

Or, – not to crack the wind of the poor phrase,

Running it thus, – you'll tender me a fool.

Ophelia

My lord, he hath importun'd me with love

In honourable fashion.

Polonius

Ay, fashion you may call it; go to, go to.

Ophelia

And hath given countenance to his speech, my lord,

With almost all the holy vows of heaven.

Polonius

Ay, springes to catch woodcocks. I do know,

When the blood burns, how prodigal the soul

Lends the tongue vows: these blazes, daughter,

Giving more light than heat, extinct in both,

Even in their promise, as it is a-making,

You must not take for fire. From this time

Be something scanter of your maiden presence;

Set your entreatments at a higher rate

Than a command to parley. For Lord Hamlet,

Believe so much in him that he is young;

And with a larger tether may he walk

Than may be given you. In few, Ophelia,

Do not believe his vows; for they are brokers,

Not of that dye which their investments show,

But mere implorators of unholy suits,

Breathing like sanctified and pious bawds,

The better to beguile. This is for all:

I would not, in plain terms, from this time forth

Have you so slander any moment leisure

As to give words or talk with the Lord Hamlet.

Look to't, I charge you; come your ways.

Ophelia

I shall obey, my lord.

[Exeunt]

Scene IV

The platform

Enter Hamlet, Horatio and Marcellus

Hamlet

The air bites shrewdly; it is very cold.

Horatio

It is a nipping and an eager air.

Hamlet

What hour now?

Horatio

I think it lacks of twelve.

Marcellus

No, it is struck.

Horatio

Indeed? I heard it not. It then draws near

                         the season

Wherein the spirit held his wont to walk.

[A flourish of trumpets, and ordnance shot off within]

What does this mean, my lord?

Hamlet

The King doth wake tonight and takes his rouse,

Keeps wassail, and the swaggering upspring reels;

And as he drains his draughts of Rhenish down,

The kettle-drum and trumpet thus bray out

The triumph of his pledge.

Horatio

Is it a custom?

Hamlet

Ay marry is't;

And to my mind, though I am native here,

And to the manner born, it is a custom

More honour'd in the breach than the observance.

This heavy-headed revel east and west

Makes us traduc'd and tax'd of other nations:

They clepe us drunkards, and with swinish phrase

Soil our addition; and indeed it takes

From our achievements, though perform'd at height,

The pith and marrow of our attribute.

So oft it chances in particular men

That for some vicious mole of nature in them,

As in their birth, wherein they are not guilty,

Since nature cannot choose his origin,

By their o'ergrowth of some complexion,

Oft breaking down the pales and forts of reason;

Or by some habit, that too much o'erleavens

The form of plausive manners;-that these men,

Carrying, I say, the stamp of one defect,

Being Nature's livery or Fortune's star, —

His virtues else, – be they as pure as grace,

As infinite as man may undergo,

Shall in the general censure take corruption

From that particular fault. The dram of evil

Doth all the noble substance of a doubt

To his own scandal.

Horatio

Look, my lord, it comes!

[Enter Ghost]

Hamlet

Angels and ministers of grace defend us!

Be thou a spirit of health or goblin damn'd,

Bring with thee airs from heaven or blasts from hell,

Be thy intents wicked or charitable,

Thou com'st in such a questionable shape

That I will speak to thee. I'll call thee Hamlet,

King, father, royal Dane. O, answer me!

Let me not burst in ignorance; but tell

Why thy canoniz'd bones, hearsed in death,

Have burst their cerements; why the sepulchre,

Wherein we saw thee quietly inurn'd,

Hath op'd his ponderous and marble jaws

To cast thee up again! What may this mean,

That thou, dead corse, again in complete steel,

Revisit'st thus the glimpses of the moon,

Making night hideous, and we fools of nature

So horridly to shake our disposition

With thoughts beyond the reaches of our souls?

Say, why is this? Wherefore? What should we do?

[Ghost beckons Hamlet]

Horatio

It beckons you to go away with it,

As if it some impartment did desire

To you alone.

Marcellus

Look with what courteous action

It waves you to a more removed ground.

But do not go with it.

Horatio

No, by no means.

Hamlet

It will not speak; then will I follow it.

Horatio

Do not, my lord.

Hamlet

Why, what should be the fear?

I do not set my life at a pin's fee;

And for my soul, what can it do to that,

Being a thing immortal as itself?

It waves me forth again. I'll follow it.

Horatio

What if it tempt you toward the flood, my lord,

Or to the dreadful summit of the cliff

That beetles o'er his base into the sea,

And there assume some other horrible form

Which might deprive your sovereignty of reason,

And draw you into madness? Think of it.

The very place puts toys of desperation,

Without more motive, into every brain

That looks so many fathoms to the sea

And hears it roar beneath.

Hamlet

It waves me still.

Go on, I'll follow thee.

Marcellus

You shall not go, my lord.

Hamlet

Hold off your hands.

Horatio

Be rul'd; you shall not go.

Hamlet

My fate cries out,

And makes each petty artery in this body

As hardy as the Nemean lion's nerve.

[Ghost beckons]

Still am I call'd. Unhand me, gentlemen.

[Breaking free from them]

By heaven, I'll make a ghost of him that lets me.

I say, away! – Go on, I'll follow thee.

[Exeunt Ghost and Hamlet]

Horatio

He waxes desperate with imagination.

Marcellus

Let's follow; 'tis not fit thus to obey him.

Horatio

Have after. To what issue will this come?

Marcellus

Something is rotten in the state of Denmark.

Horatio

Heaven will direct it.

Marcellus

Nay, let's follow him.

[Exeunt]

Scene V

A more remote part of the Castle

Enter Ghost and Hamlet

Hamlet

Whither wilt thou lead me? Speak, I'll go

                         no further.

Ghost

Mark me.

Hamlet

I will.

Ghost

My hour is almost come,

When I to sulph'rous and tormenting flames

Must render up myself.

Hamlet

Alas, poor ghost!

Ghost

Pity me not, but lend thy serious hearing

To what I shall unfold.

Hamlet

Speak, I am bound to hear.

Ghost

So art thou to revenge, when thou shalt hear.

Hamlet

What?

Ghost

I am thy father's spirit,

Doom'd for a certain term to walk the night,

And for the day confin'd to fast in fires,

Till the foul crimes done in my days of nature

Are burnt and purg'd away. But that I am forbid

To tell the secrets of my prison-house,

I could a tale unfold whose lightest word

Would harrow up thy soul; freeze thy young

                         blood,

Make thy two eyes like stars start from their

                         spheres,

Thy knotted and combined locks to part,

And each particular hair to stand on end

Like quills upon the fretful porpentine.

But this eternal blazon must not be

To ears of flesh and blood. List, list, O, list!

If thou didst ever thy dear father love —

Hamlet

O God!

Ghost

Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder.

Hamlet

Murder!

Ghost

Murder most foul, as in the best it is;

But this most foul, strange, and unnatural.

Hamlet

Haste me to know't, that I, with wings as swift

As meditation or the thoughts of love

May sweep to my revenge.

Ghost

I find thee apt;

And duller shouldst thou be than the fat weed

That rots itself in ease on Lethe wharf,

Wouldst thou not stir in this. Now, Hamlet, hear.

'Tis given out that, sleeping in my orchard,

A serpent stung me; so the whole ear

                         of Denmark

Is by a forged process of my death

Rankly abus'd; but know, thou noble youth,

The serpent that did sting thy father's life

Now wears his crown.

Hamlet

O my prophetic soul!

Mine uncle!

Ghost

Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast,

With witchcraft of his wit, with traitorous

                         gifts, —

O wicked wit, and gifts, that have the power

So to seduce! – won to his shameful lust

The will of my most seeming-virtuous Queen.

O Hamlet, what a falling off was there,

From me, whose love was of that dignity

That it went hand in hand even with the vow

I made to her in marriage; and to decline

Upon a wretch whose natural gifts were poor

To those of mine. But virtue, as it never

                         will be mov'd,

Though lewdness court it in a shape of heaven;

So lust, though to a radiant angel link'd,

Will sate itself in a celestial bed

And prey on garbage.

But soft! methinks I scent the morning air;

Brief let me be. Sleeping within my orchard,

My custom always of the afternoon,

Upon my secure hour thy uncle stole

With juice of cursed hebenon in a vial,

And in the porches of my ears did pour

The leperous distilment, whose effect

Holds such an enmity with blood of man

That swift as quicksilver it courses through

The natural gates and alleys of the body;

And with a sudden vigour it doth posset

And curd, like eager droppings into milk,

The thin and wholesome blood. So did it mine;

And a most instant tetter bark'd about,

Most lazar-like, with vile and loathsome crust

All my smooth body.

Thus was I, sleeping, by a brother's hand,

Of life, of crown, of queen at once dispatch'd:

Cut off even in the blossoms of my sin,

Unhous'led, disappointed, unanel'd;

No reckoning made, but sent to my account

With all my imperfections on my head.

O horrible! O horrible! most horrible!

If thou hast nature in thee, bear it not;

Let not the royal bed of Denmark be

A couch for luxury and damned incest.

But howsoever thou pursu'st this act,

Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive

Against thy mother aught; leave her to heaven,

And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge,

To prick and sting her. Fare thee well at once!

The glow-worm shows the matin to be near,

And 'gins to pale his uneffectual fire.

Adieu, adieu, adieu. Remember me.

[Exit]

Hamlet

O all you host of heaven! O earth! What else?

And shall I couple hell? O, fie! Hold, my heart;

And you, my sinews, grow not instant old,

But bear me stiffly up. Remember thee?

Ay, thou poor ghost, while memory holds a seat

In this distracted globe. Remember thee?

Yea, from the table of my memory

I'll wipe away all trivial fond records,

All saws of books, all forms, all pressures past,

That youth and observation copied there;

And thy commandment all alone shall live

Within the book and volume of my brain,

Unmix'd with baser matter. Yes, by heaven!

O most pernicious woman!

O villain, villain, smiling damned villain!

My tables. Meet it is I set it down,

That one may smile, and smile, and be a villain!

At least I am sure it may be so in Denmark.

[Writing]

So, uncle, there you are. Now to my word;

It is 'Adieu, adieu, remember me.'

I have sworn't.

Horatio and Marcellus

[Within]

My lord, my lord.

Marcellus

[Within]

Lord Hamlet.

Horatio

[Within]

Heaven secure him.

Hamlet

So be it!

Marcellus

[Within]

Illo, ho, ho, my lord!

Hamlet

Hillo, ho, ho, boy! Come, bird, come.

[Enter Horatio and Marcellus]

Marcellus

How is't, my noble lord?

Horatio

What news, my lord?

Hamlet

O, wonderful!

Horatio

Good my lord, tell it.

Hamlet

No, you'll reveal it.

Horatio

Not I, my lord, by heaven.

Marcellus

Nor I, my lord.

Hamlet

How say you then, would heart of man once

                         think it? —

But you'll be secret?

Horatio and Marcellus

Ay, by heaven, my lord.

Hamlet

There's ne'er a villain dwelling in all Denmark

But he's an arrant knave.

Horatio

There needs no ghost, my lord, come from

                         the grave

To tell us this.

Hamlet

Why, right; you are i' the right;

And so, without more circumstance at all,

I hold it fit that we shake hands and part:

You, as your business and desire shall point you, —

For every man hath business and desire,

Such as it is;-and for my own poor part,

Look you, I'll go pray.

Horatio

These are but wild and whirling words, my lord.

Hamlet

I'm sorry they offend you, heartily;

Yes faith, heartily.

Horatio

There's no offence, my lord.

Hamlet

Yes, by Saint Patrick, but there is, Horatio,

And much offence too. Touching this vision here,

It is an honest ghost, that let me tell you.

For your desire to know what is between us,

O'ermaster't as you may. And now, good friends,

As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,

Give me one poor request.

Horatio

What is't, my lord? We will.

Hamlet

Never make known what you have seen tonight.

Horatio and Marcellus

My lord, we will not.

Hamlet

Nay, but swear't.

Horatio

In faith, my lord, not I.

Marcellus

Nor I, my lord, in faith.

Hamlet

Upon my sword.

Marcellus

We have sworn, my lord, already.

Hamlet

Indeed, upon my sword, indeed.

Ghost

[Cries under the stage]

Swear.

Hamlet

Ha, ha boy, sayst thou so? Art thou there,

                         truepenny?

Come on, you hear this fellow in the cellarage.

Consent to swear.

Horatio

Propose the oath, my lord.

Hamlet

Never to speak of this that you have seen.

Swear by my sword.

Ghost

[Beneath]

Swear.

Hamlet

Hic et ubique? Then we'll shift our ground.

Come hither, gentlemen,

And lay your hands again upon my sword.

Never to speak of this that you have heard.

Swear by my sword.

Ghost

[Beneath]

Swear.

Hamlet

Well said, old mole! Canst work i' th'earth so fast?

A worthy pioner! Once more remove,

                         good friends.

Horatio

O day and night, but this is wondrous strange.

Hamlet

And therefore as a stranger give it welcome.

There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio,

Than are dreamt of in your philosophy. But come,

Here, as before, never, so help you mercy,

How strange or odd soe'er I bear myself, —

As I perchance hereafter shall think meet

To put an antic disposition on —

That you, at such times seeing me, never shall,

With arms encumber'd thus, or this head-shake,

Or by pronouncing of some doubtful phrase,

As 'Well, we know', or 'We could and if we would',

Or 'If we list to speak'; or 'There be

                         and if they might',

Or such ambiguous giving out, to note

That you know aught of me:-this not to do.

So grace and mercy at your most need help you,

Swear.

Ghost

[Beneath]

Swear.

Hamlet

Rest, rest, perturbed spirit. So, gentlemen,

With all my love I do commend me to you;

And what so poor a man as Hamlet is

May do t'express his love and friending to you,

God willing, shall not lack. Let us go in together,

And still your fingers on your lips, I pray.

The time is out of joint. O cursed spite,

That ever I was born to set it right.

Nay, come, let's go together.

[Exeunt]

Scene I

A room in Polonius's house

Enter Polonius and Reynaldo

Polonius

Give him this money and these notes, Reynaldo.

Reynaldo

I will, my lord.

Polonius

You shall do marvellous wisely, good Reynaldo,

Before you visit him, to make inquiry

Of his behaviour.

Reynaldo

My lord, I did intend it.

Polonius

Marry, well said; very well said. Look you, sir,

Enquire me first what Danskers are in Paris;

And how, and who, what means, and where

                         they keep,

What company, at what expense; and finding

By this encompassment and drift of question,

That they do know my son, come you more nearer

Than your particular demands will touch it.

Take you as 'twere some distant knowledge

                         of him,

As thus, 'I know his father and his friends,

And in part him'-do you mark this, Reynaldo?

Reynaldo

Ay, very well, my lord.

Polonius

'And in part him, but,' you may say, 'not well;

But if't be he I mean, he's very wild;

Addicted so and so;' and there put on him

What forgeries you please; marry, none so rank

As may dishonour him; take heed of that;

But, sir, such wanton, wild, and usual slips

As are companions noted and most known

To youth and liberty.

Reynaldo

As gaming, my lord?

Polonius

Ay, or drinking, fencing, swearing,

Quarrelling, drabbing. You may go so far.

Reynaldo

My lord, that would dishonour him.

Polonius

Faith no, as you may season it in the charge.

You must not put another scandal on him,

That he is open to incontinency;

That's not my meaning: but breathe his faults

                         so quaintly

That they may seem the taints of liberty;

The flash and outbreak of a fiery mind,

A savageness in unreclaimed blood,

Of general assault.

Reynaldo

But my good lord —

Polonius

Wherefore should you do this?

Reynaldo

Ay, my lord, I would know that.

Polonius

Marry, sir, here's my drift,

And I believe it is a fetch of warrant.

You laying these slight sullies on my son,

As 'twere a thing a little soil'd i' th' working,

Mark you,

Your party in converse, him you would sound,

Having ever seen in the prenominate crimes

The youth you breathe of guilty, be assur'd

He closes with you in this consequence;

'Good sir,' or so; or 'friend,' or 'gentleman' —

According to the phrase or the addition

Of man and country.

Reynaldo

Very good, my lord.

Polonius

And then, sir, does he this, – he does-What was I about to say? By the mass, I was about to say something. Where did I leave?

Reynaldo

At 'closes in the consequence.' At 'friend or so,' and 'gentleman.'

Polonius

At 'closes in the consequence' ay, marry!

He closes with you thus: 'I know the gentleman,

I saw him yesterday, or t'other day,

Or then, or then, with such and such; and,

                         as you say,

There was he gaming, there o'ertook in's rouse,

There falling out at tennis': or perchance,

'I saw him enter such a house of sale' —

Videlicet, a brothel, or so forth. See you now;

Your bait of falsehood takes this carp of truth;

And thus do we of wisdom and of reach,

With windlasses, and with assays of bias,

By indirections find directions out.

So by my former lecture and advice

Shall you my son. You have me, have you not?

Reynaldo

My lord, I have.

Polonius

God b' wi' you, fare you well.

Reynaldo

Good my lord.

Polonius

Observe his inclination in yourself.

Reynaldo

I shall, my lord.

Polonius

And let him ply his music.

Reynaldo

Well, my lord.

Polonius

Farewell.

[Exit Reynaldo]

[Enter Ophelia]

How now, Ophelia, what's the matter?

Ophelia

Alas, my lord, I have been so affrighted.

Polonius

With what, in the name of God?

Ophelia

My lord, as I was sewing in my chamber,

Lord Hamlet, with his doublet all unbrac'd,

No hat upon his head, his stockings foul'd,

Ungart'red, and down-gyved to his ankle,

Pale as his shirt, his knees knocking each other,

And with a look so piteous in purport

As if he had been loosed out of hell

To speak of horrors, he comes before me.

Polonius

Mad for thy love?

Ophelia

My lord, I do not know, but truly I do fear it.

Polonius

What said he?

Ophelia

He took me by the wrist and held me hard;

Then goes he to the length of all his arm;

And with his other hand thus o'er his brow,

He falls to such perusal of my face

As he would draw it. Long stay'd he so,

At last, – a little shaking of mine arm,

And thrice his head thus waving up and down,

He rais'd a sigh so piteous and profound

As it did seem to shatter all his bulk

And end his being. That done, he lets me go,

And with his head over his shoulder turn'd

He seem'd to find his way without his eyes,

For out o' doors he went without their help,

And to the last bended their light on me.

Polonius

Come, go with me. I will go seek the King

This is the very ecstasy of love,

Whose violent property fordoes itself,

And leads the will to desperate undertakings,

As oft as any passion under heaven

That does afflict our natures. I am sorry, —

What, have you given him any hard words of late?

Ophelia

No, my good lord; but as you did command,

I did repel his letters and denied

His access to me.

Polonius

That hath made him mad.

I am sorry that with better heed and judgement

I had not quoted him. I fear'd he did but trifle,

And meant to wreck thee. But beshrew

                         my jealousy!

It seems it is as proper to our age

To cast beyond ourselves in our opinions

As it is common for the younger sort

To lack discretion. Come, go we to the King.

This must be known, which, being kept close,

                         might move

More grief to hide than hate to utter love.

[Exeunt]

Scene II

A room in the Castle

Enter King, Queen, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and Attendants

King

Welcome, dear Rosencrantz and Guildenstern

Moreover that we much did long to see you,

The need we have to use you did provoke

Our hasty sending. Something have you heard

Of Hamlet's transformation; so I call it,

Since nor th'exterior nor the inward man

Resembles that it was. What it should be,

More than his father's death, that thus hath

                         put him

So much from th'understanding of himself,

I cannot dream of. I entreat you both

That, being of so young days brought up with him,

And since so neighbour'd to his youth and humour,

That you vouchsafe your rest here in our court

Some little time, so by your companies

To draw him on to pleasures and to gather,

So much as from occasion you may glean,

Whether aught to us unknown afflicts him thus

That, open'd, lies within our remedy.

Queen

Good gentlemen, he hath much talk'd of you,

And sure I am, two men there are not living

To whom he more adheres. If it will please you

To show us so much gentry and good will

As to expend your time with us awhile,

For the supply and profit of our hope,

Your visitation shall receive such thanks

As fits a king's remembrance.

Rosencrantz

Both your majesties

Might, by the sovereign power you have of us,

Put your dread pleasures more into command

Than to entreaty.

Guildenstern

We both obey,

And here give up ourselves, in the full bent,

To lay our service freely at your feet

To be commanded.

King

Thanks, Rosencrantz and gentle Guildenstern.

Queen

Thanks, Guildenstern and gentle Rosencrantz

And I beseech you instantly to visit

My too much changed son. Go, some of you,

And bring these gentlemen where Hamlet is.

Guildenstern

Heavens make our presence and our practices

Pleasant and helpful to him.

Queen

Ay, amen.

[Exeunt Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and some Attendants]

[Enter Polonius]

Polonius

Th'ambassadors from Norway, my good lord,

Are joyfully return'd.

King

Thou still hast been the father of good news.

Polonius

Have I, my lord? Assure you, my good liege,

I hold my duty, as I hold my soul,

Both to my God and to my gracious King:

And I do think, – or else this brain of mine

Hunts not the trail of policy so sure

As it hath us'd to do-that I have found

The very cause of Hamlet's lunacy.

King

O speak of that, that do I long to hear.

Polonius

Give first admittance to th'ambassadors;

My news shall be the fruit to that great feast.

King

Thyself do grace to them, and bring them in.

[Exit Polonius]

He tells me, my sweet queen, that he hath found

The head and source of all your son's distemper.

Queen

I doubt it is no other but the main,

His father's death and our o'erhasty marriage.

King

Well, we shall sift him.

[Enter Polonius with Voltemand nd Cornelius]

Welcome, my good friends!

Say, Voltemand, what from our brother Norway?

Voltemand

Most fair return of greetings and desires.

Upon our first, he sent out to suppress

His nephew's levies, which to him appear'd

To be a preparation 'gainst the Polack;

But better look'd into, he truly found

It was against your Highness; whereat griev'd,

That so his sickness, age, and impotence

Was falsely borne in hand, sends out arrests

On Fortinbras; which he, in brief, obeys,

Receives rebuke from Norway; and in fine,

Makes vow before his uncle never more

To give th'assay of arms against your Majesty.

Whereon old Norway, overcome with joy,

Gives him three thousand crowns in annual fee,

And his commission to employ those soldiers

So levied as before, against the Polack:

With an entreaty, herein further shown,

[Gives a paper]

That it might please you to give quiet pass

Through your dominions for this enterprise,

On such regards of safety and allowance

As therein are set down.

King

It likes us well;

And at our more consider'd time we'll read,

Answer, and think upon this business.

Meantime we thank you for your well-took labour.

Go to your rest, at night we'll feast together:.

Most welcome home.

[Exeunt Voltemand and Cornelius]

Polonius

This business is well ended.

My liege and madam, to expostulate

What majesty should be, what duty is,

Why day is day, night night, and time is time

Were nothing but to waste night, day and time.

Therefore, since brevity is the soul of wit,

And tediousness the limbs and outward

                         flourishes,

I will be brief. Your noble son is mad.

Mad call I it; for to define true madness,

What is't but to be nothing else but mad?

But let that go.

Queen

More matter, with less art.

Polonius

Madam, I swear I use no art at all.

That he is mad, 'tis true: 'tis true 'tis pity;

And pity 'tis 'tis true. A foolish figure,

But farewell it, for I will use no art.

Mad let us grant him then. And now remains

That we find out the cause of this effect,

Or rather say, the cause of this defect,

For this effect defective comes by cause.

Thus it remains, and the remainder thus. Perpend,

I have a daughter-have whilst she is mine —

Who in her duty and obedience, mark,

Hath given me this. Now gather, and surmise.

[Reads]

To the celestial, and my soul's idol, the most

                         beautified Ophelia —

That's an ill phrase, a vile phrase; 'beautified' is a vile

phrase: but you shall hear.

[Reads]

these; in her excellent white bosom, these, etc.

Queen

Came this from Hamlet to her?

Polonius

Good madam, stay awhile; I will be faithful.

[Reads]

Doubt thou the stars are fire,

Doubt that the sun doth move,

Doubt truth to be a liar,

But never doubt I love.

O dear Ophelia, I am ill at these numbers. I have not art to reckon my groans. But that I love thee best, O most best, believe it. Adieu.

Thine evermore, most dear lady, whilst this machine is to him,

                                       Hamlet

This in obedience hath my daughter show'd me;

And more above, hath his solicitings,

As they fell out by time, by means, and place,

All given to mine ear.

King

But how hath she receiv'd his love?

Polonius

What do you think of me?

King

As of a man faithful and honourable.

Polonius

I would fain prove so. But what might you think,

When I had seen this hot love on the wing,

As I perceiv'd it, I must tell you that,

Before my daughter told me, what might you,

Or my dear Majesty your queen here, think,

If I had play'd the desk or table-book,

Or given my heart a winking, mute and dumb,

Or look'd upon this love with idle sight,

What might you think? No, I went round to work,

And my young mistress thus I did bespeak: